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Hayes Administration - Changes in the U.S. Government

Changes in the U.S. Government

Hayes relied on presidential executive orders and on his power as commander in chief to affect policies. On issues such as civil service reform—making federal employment based on a merit system instead of on patronage connections—Hayes could and did issue executive orders instructing the establishment of civil service examinations. He often infuriated members of his own party by making such orders, but Hayes genuinely believed in civil service reform and he sought to limit political patronage.

Acting as commander in chief, Hayes simply issued orders to the troops occupying the South during Reconstruction and the army moved out of its southern barracks; politically, removal of the troops was more difficult, but the actual movement of the troops was accomplished through executive orders (See also, Domestic Issues).

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