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The editors wish to thank the copyright holders of the excerpted criticism included in this volume and the permissions managers of many book and magazine publishing companies for assisting us in securing reproduction rights. We are also grateful to the staffs of the Detroit Public Library, the Library of Congress, the University of Detroit Mercy Library, Wayne State University Purdy/Kresge Library Complex, and the University of Michigan Libraries for making their resources available to us. Following is a list of the copyright holders who have granted us permission to reproduce material in this volume of DFS. Every effort has been made to trace copyright, but if omissions have been made, please let us know.

COPYRIGHTED EXCERPTS IN DFS, VOLUME 7, WERE REPRODUCED FROM THE FOLLOWING PERIODICALS:

America, v. 174, May 4, 1996. © 1996. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission of America Press, Inc.,106 West 56th Street, New York, NY 10019.—Catholic Library World, v. 123, August, 1971. Copyright 1971 by The Missionary Society of St. Paul the Apostle in the State of New York. Reproduced by permission of Paulist Press.—College English, v. 22, October, 1960 for ‘‘Time and the Timeless in Everyman and Dr. Faustus’’ by David Kuala. Copyright © 1960 by the National Council of Teachers of English. Reproduced by permission of the publisher.—Commonweal, v. LII, May 12, 1950; v. LXXV, January 26, 1962. Copyright 1950, 1962 Commonweal Publishing Co., Inc. Both reproduced by permission of Commonweal Foundation.—The Explicator, v. 37, Summer, 1979. Copyright © 1986 by Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation. Reproduced with permission of the Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation, published by Heldref Publications, 1319 18th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036- 1802.—The Georgia Review, v. XXXVII, Fall, 1983. Copyright, © 1983, by the University of Georgia. Reproduced by permission.—The Hudson Review, v. XIII, Winter, 1960-61 for ‘‘Theatre Chronicle’’ by John Simon. Copyright © 1960-61 by The Hudson Review, Inc. Reproduced by permission of the author./v. XLIII, Autumn, 1990. Copyright © 1990 by The Hudson Review, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Maclean’s, v. 100, August 31, 1987. © 1987 by Maclean’s Magazine. Reproduced by permission.—Modern Drama, v. 9, December, 1966. © 1966 University of Toronto, Graduate Centre for Study of Drama. Reproduced by permission.—The Nation, New York, v. 199, October 12, 1964; v. 252, January 7-14, 1991. Copyright 1964, 1991 The Nation magazine The Nation Company, Inc. Both reproduced by permission.— The New Republic, v. 122, May 8, 1950; v. 143, October 3, 1960; v. 145, October 23, 1961; v. 146, January 22, 1962; v. 201, September 11, 1989; v. 206, May 11, 1992; v. 209, November 1, 1993. Copyright 1950, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1989, 1992, 1993 The New Republic, Inc. All reproduced by permission of The New Republic.—Newsweek, v. 132, October 5, 1998. © 1998 Newsweek, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission—New York, Magazine, v. 17, June 13, 1983; v. 17, November 12, 1984; v. 26, November 29, 1993; v. 31, January 4, 1999. Copyright © 1983, 1984, 1993, 1999 PRIMEDIA Magazine Corporation. All rights reserved. All reproduced with the permission of New York Magazine.—The New Yorker, v. LIX, June 6, 1983; v. 60, November 19, 1984. © 1983, 1984 by The New Yorker Magazine, Inc. All rights reserved. All reproduced by permission./ v. XXXVI, October 15, 1960 for ‘‘Lancashire Lass’’ by John McCarter. © 1960 by The New Yorker Magazine, Inc.—The New York Times Book Review, October 13, 1971, October 24, 1971; December 30, 1998. Copyright © 1998 by The New York Times Company. All reproduced by permission.—The Saturday Review, v. 43, January 30, 1960. © 1960 Saturday Review Magazine, © 1979 General Media International, Inc. Reproduced by permission of The Saturday Review.—Time, New York, v. 133, January 30, 1989. Copyright © 1989 Time Warner Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission from Time.—Tulane Drama Review, v. 11, Spring, 1967. Copyright © 1967, Tulane Drama Review. Reproduced by permission of MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

COPYRIGHTED EXCERPTS IN DFS, VOLUME 7, WERE REPRODUCED FROM THE FOLLOWING BOOKS:

Brustein, Robert S. From ‘‘The New American Playwrights: Arthur Kopit’’ in Modern Occasions. Edited by Philip Rahv. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1966. Copyright © 1966 by Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the author.—Kerr, Walter. From The Theater in Spite of Itself. Simon and Schuster, 1963. Copyright © 1963 by Walter Kerr, renewed 1991. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the Literary Estate of Walter Kerr.

PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS APPEARING IN DFS, VOLUME 7, WERE RECEIVED FROM THE FOLLOWING SOURCES:

Anderson, Carl, as Judas Iscariot in Jesus Christ Superstar by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice, July 13, 1971, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Ayckbourn, Alan, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Barrie, Sir James M., photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.— Beckett, Samuel, photograph. Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Behan, Brendan, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Capek, Karel, photograph. The Library of Congress.—Delaney, Shelagh, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Elliman, Yvonne, as Mary Magdalene in Jesus Christ Superstar by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice, July 13, 1971, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of A Taste of Honey by Shelagh Delaney, Directed by Tony Richardson, with Dora Bryan as Helen and Rita Tushingham as Jo, British Lion, 1961, photograph. BRITISH LION. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of A Taste of Honey by Shelagh Delaney, Directed by Tony Richardson, with Rita Tushingham as Jo and Murray Melvin as Geoffrey, British Lion, 1961, photograph. BRITISH LION. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of A Taste of Honey by Shelagh Delaney, Directed by Tony Richardson, with Dora Bryan as Helen, British Lion, 1961, photograph. BRITISH LION. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of Chorus of Disapproval by Alan Ayckbourn, Directed by Michael Winner, with Patsy Kensit as , Jeremy Irons as Guy Jones, and Prunella Scales as Hannah Ap Llewellyn, 1988, photograph. HOBO/CURZON/ PALISADES. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of Fool for Love by Sam Shepard, Directed by Robert Altman, with Kim Basinger as May, Canno Films, 1985, photograph. CANNON FILMS. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.— From a movie still of Fool for Love by Sam Shepard, Directed by Robert Altman, with Sam Shepard as Eddie, the cowboy, Canno Films, 1985, photograph by Robert Altman. CANNON FILMS. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mamma’s Hung You in the Closet and I’m Feelin’ So Sad by Arthur Kopit, Directed by Richard Quine, with Rosalind Russell as Madame Rosepettle and Jonathan Winters, 1965, Paramount, Russell watches appalled as Winter’s stuffs his face at the table, photograph. Paramount. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.— From a movie still of Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mamma’s Hung You in the Closet and I’m Feelin’ So Sad by Arthur Kopit, Directed by Richard Quine, with Rosalind Russell as Madame Rosepettle and Jonathan Winters, 1965, Paramount, Russell watches wide eyed as Winter smiles in his sleep, photograph. Paramount. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of Peter Pan by J. M. Barrie, with Peter Pan, Tinker Bell, Wendy, Michael and John with his teddy bear, flying past Big Ben, 1953, Walt Disney, photograph. Walt Disney. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of The Night of the Iguana by Tennessee Williams, Directed by John Huston, with Ava Gardner as Maxine Faulk and Richard Burton as The Rev. T. Lawrence Shannon, M-G-M, 1964, photograph. M-G-M. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a movie still of The Night of the Iguana by Tennessee Williams, Directed by John Huston, with Richard Burton as The Rev. T. Lawrence Shannon and Sue Lyon as Charlotte Goodall, M-G-M, 1964, photograph. M-G-M. Courtesy of The Kobal Collection. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of Everyman by Anonymous, with Paul Hamilton, Joseph Mydell, Edward Woodall and Johnny Lodi, RSC/The Other Place, November 14, 1996, photograph. © Donald Cooper/Photostage. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of Everyman by Anonymous, with Paul Hamilton, Joseph Mydell, Edward Woodall and Johnny Lodi, RSC/The Other Place, November 14, 1996, photograph. © Donald Cooper/Photostage. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of Fiddler on the Roof by Joseph Stein, with (l-r) Austin Pendleton as Zero Mostel, and his family played by Mr. Mostel, Mavis Karnoliva, Joanna Merlin, Julia Migenes, Tanya Everet, Marilyn Rogers and Linda Ross, 1965, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.— From a theatre production of Fiddler on the Roof by Joseph Stein, with Peg Murray and Paul Lipson as Golds and Tevye, Harold Prince Musical at the Broadway Theatre, March, 1971, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of Jesus Christ Superstar by by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice, with Jeff Fenholt as Jesus, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.— From a theatre production of Krapp’s Last Tape by Samuel Beckett, with Edward Petherbridge as Krapp, RSC/Arts Theatre, October 1, 1999, photograph. © Donald Cooper/Photostage. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of Krapp’s Last Tape by Samuel Beckett, with Max Wall as Krapp, Greenwich Theatre, London, 1975, photograph. © Donald Cooper/Photostage. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of Peter Pan by J. M. Barrie with Mary Martin as Peter Pan and Cyril Ritchard as Captain Hook, February 25, 1955, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—From a theatre production of R.U.R. by Karel Capek, Directed by Mark Wolgar with Gemma Barnetson as Lady Helen Glory and Amanda Mannion as Robot Radius at The Courtyard Theatre, November, 1998, Robot Radius stands waiting for instruction from Lady Helen Glory, photograph by Amanda j. Ifrah. © 1998 by Amanda j. Ifrah. Reproduced by permission.— From a theatre production of The Blue Room by David Hare, adaptation of Arthur Schnitzler’s ‘‘La Ronde,’’ Directed by Sam Mendes with (l-r) Iain Glen and Nicole Kidman, New York, December 13, 1998, photograph by Adam Nadel. AP/Wide World Photos/Adam Nadel. Reproduced by permission.— From a theatre production of The Hostage by Brendan Behan, RSC/Barbican Theatre, London, September, 1994, photograph. © Donald Cooper/Photostage. Reproduced by permission.— From a theatre production of The Hostage by Brendan Behan, with (l-r) Dermot Crowley as Pat, Damien Lyne as Leslie Williams and John Woodvine as Monsewer, RSC/Barbican Theatre, London, September, 1994, photograph. © Donald Cooper/Photostage. Reproduced by permission.— Hare, David, photograph by Daniel Locus. © Daniel Locus. Reproduced by permission of the photographer.—Kopit, Arthur, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Neeley, Ted, as Jesus, on Mount Calvary, in the 1973 film, Jesus Christ Superstar, a Norman Jewison Film, photograph. Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Pinter, Harold, 1961, photograph. The Library of Congress.—Pleasance, Donald, and Harold Pinter rehearse The Caretaker written by Harold Pinter, ca. 1965, photograph. CORBIS/ Hulton-Deutsch Collection. Reproduced by permission.— Shepard, Sam, May 23, 1996, photograph by Andy King. AP/Wide World Photo/Andy King. Reproduced by permission.—Stein, Joseph, photograph. © Joseph Stein. Reproduced by permission.— The December, 1990, Playbill for August Wilson’s The Piano Lesson, Directed by Lloyd Richards, with Charles S. Dutton as Boy Willie, at the Walter Kerr Theater, NY, photograph. PLAYBILL (r) is a registered trademark of Playbill Incorporated, N.Y.C. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—The January, 1985, Showbill for Larry Shue’s The Foreigner, Directed by Jerry Zaks, with Larry Shue as ‘‘Froggy’’ LeSueur, at the Astor Place Theater, NY, photograph. SHOWBILL (r) is a registered trademark of Playbill Incorporated, N.Y.C. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.— Webber, Andrew Lloyd and Tim Rice with their Oscars at the 69th annual Academy Awards in Los Angeles, March 24, 1997, photograph by Reed Saxon. AP/Wide World Photo/Reed Saxon. Reproduced by permission.—Williams, Tennessee, photograph. The Library of Congress.—Wilson, August. AP/Wide World Photo. Reproduced by permission.

1. The Piano Lesson: Introduction
2. August Wilson Biography
3. Summary
4. Themes
5. Style
6. Historical Context
7. Critical Overview
8. Character Analysis
9. Essays and Criticism
10. Compare and Contrast
11. Topics for Further Study
12. What Do I Read Next?
13. Bibliography and Further Reading
14. Copyright

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