1875 | Exploration, Colonization
Exploration, Colonization
Journalist-explorer Henry M. Stanley encounters hostile tribesmen as he continues his journey across Africa (see 1874); 21 of his men have died, 89 have deserted, eight are so ill that they must be left behind, and he loses another 24 men in battle against the hostiles. His bearers have dragged a 40-foot boat, the Lady Alice, 720 miles inland, and when he circumnavigates Lake Victoria he comes close to death at the hands of other natives (see 1877).
Explorer Verney Lovett Cameron reaches the west coast of Africa near Benguela November 7, having established the outlet of Lake Tanganyika to be a tributary of the Congo River (the Lukuga), traced the Congo-Zambezi watershed for hundreds of miles, and become the first man to cross equatorial Africa from sea to sea.
Santa Monica, California, is laid out on the Pacific Coast near Los Angeles. Taking its name from a local spring (Las Lágrimas de [the tears of] Santa Monica), it is promoted as an ocean resort and port terminus of the Los Angeles-to-Independence Railroad.