1335

Political Events

Casimir III cedes Poland's Silesian claims to Bohemia in the Treaty of Trentschin and relinquishes to the Teutonic Knights his claims to Pomerania in the Treaty of Wissegrod, but the Polish upper classes and clergy reject the latter treaty, calling it too humiliating (see 1330); Bohemia's king Johann does not recognize it, nor does the Holy Roman Emperor Ludwig (see 1337). Hungary's Charles I (Károly Róbert), now 47, allies himself with Poland for mutual defense against the Holy Roman Emperor Ludwig IV of Bavaria and his ally Albrecht of Austria; Casimir has no children and agrees to make Charles's son Louis his successor.

Serbia's Stefan Dusan secures his northern borders against the Hungarians (see 1334). The Hungarians will remain a threat, but Stefan will keep them from extending their frontier south of the fortresses on the Save and Danube rivers (see 1346; John Cantacuzene, 1341).

A Mantuan army led by Ludovico Gonzaga's son Guido takes Reggio from the Scaligeri family; the Gonzagas will hold Reggio until 1371.

Genoa's Spinola and Doria families regain control of the city after a long interruption as Galeotto Spinola seizes power (but see 1339).

The Byzantine emperor Andronicus III Palaeologus conquers Thessaly and part of Epirus from the despot John II Orsini.

Japanese troops organized by the Hojo family try once again to depose the emperor Godaigo in July (see 1333); the warlord (daimyo) Ashikaga Takauji supports Godaigo, occupies Kamakura, defeats the Hojo forces in August, but soon clashes with his old rival Nitta Yoshisada (see 1336).

Agriculture

English grain harvests amount to only 15 bushels of wheat, barley, and oats per capita after setting aside seed for the year to come. Part of the harvest goes to sustain work animals, livestock, and the mounts of knights and barons, while nearly one-third goes into making beer and ale.

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