Political Events

Denmark and England's king Knut (Canute) conquers Norway, forcing her king, Olaf II Haraldsson, to take refuge with his wife's family at Kiev. Canute will rule Norway along with Denmark and England until his death in 1035 (see 1030).

Poland's Mieszko II wages war against his German neighbors, beginning hostilities in which he will repel German forces, invade Saxony, and join with Hungarians against the emperor Conrad.

The Byzantine emperor Constantine VIII dies at age 68 and is succeeded by his daughter Zoë, 48. She marries Romanus III Argyrolpolus, 60, and makes him co-emperor.

León's Alfonso V is killed at the siege of Viseu at age 34 (approximate) after a 29-year reign in which first the Umayyad caliphate at Córdoba and then Navarre's Sancho III have held his country in their sway. He has married the daughter (Urraca) of Sancho Garcés el Mayor and begun to retake territories that were lost to Portugal during the reign of the late Abu Amir al-Mansur; Urraca will marry Alfonso's brother, who will reign as Bermudo II; Sancho conquers Castile and proclaims himself "king of Spain" (but see 1033).

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