Criticism > Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism > The Parnassian Movement - Further Reading

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FURTHER READING

Brereton, Geoffrey. "Leconte de Lisle and Heredia." In An Introduction to the French Poets: Villon to the Present Day, pp. 166-77. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd.,1956.

Places the Parnassians between the Romantic poets of the early nineteenth century and the Symbolist movement which emerged in the 1880s. Identifies José-Maria de Heredia as the only "pure Parnassian" poet of note, and Leconte de Lisle as "the high priest of La Parnasse."

Denommé, Robert T. "The Elaboration of a Poetic Creed." In Leconte de Lisle, pp. 29-43. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1973.

Details Leconte de Lisle's support and defense of the "art for art's sake" philosophy and his incorporation of the classical aesthetic into the Parnassian movement.

Epstein, Edna. "Themes in Parnassian Poetry." Modern Language Review 65, No. 3 (July 1970): 541-51.

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1. Introduction
2. Representative Works
3. Overviews
4. Parnassians And Epic Form
5. Parnassianism And Positivism
6. Further Reading
7. Copyright