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From the founding of the Roman empire to its fall in A.D. 476, Rome dominated Europe and much of North Africa, the Near East, and Asia Minorancient term for modern-day Turkey, the part of Asia closest to Greece. Although this sprawling empire encompassed many cultures with their own myths and legends, the mythology of the Romans themselves revolved around the founding, history, and heroes of the city of Rome. The Romans had developed their own pantheonalt the gods of a particular culture of gods and goddesses. After they conquered Greece, however, their deitiesgod or goddess became increasingly associated with the figures of Greek mythology.

Background and Sources. Although Rome's early history is difficult to separate from the...