Credits

The editors wish to thank the copyright holders of the excerpted criticism included in this volume and the permissions managers of many book and magazine publishing companies for assisting us in securing reproduction rights. We are also grateful to the staffs of the Detroit Public Library, the University of Detroit Mercy Library, Wayne State University Purdy/Kresge Library Complex, and the University of Michigan Libraries for making their resources available to us. Following is a list of the copyright holders who have granted us permission to reproduce material in these volumes of Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America: Primary Documents. Every effort has been made to trace copyright, but if omissions have been made, please let us know.

Copyrighted excerpts in the Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America: Primary Documents, were reproduced from the following periodicals:

Ethnicity, v. 2, September, 1975. Copyright © 1975 by Academic Press, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Indiana Folklore: Journal of the Hoosier Folklore Society, v. III, 1970. Reproduced by permission. — New York Folklore Quarterly, v. XX, September, 1964; v. XXI, September, 1965. Both reproduced by permission of the publisher./ v. XXIV, December, 1968 for "Polish Customs in New York Mills, N.Y." by Robert Maziarz. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author. —The Nation, New York, v. 253, September 23, 1991; v. 259, December 12, 1994; v.264, February 3, 1997; v. 266, May 18, 1998. © 1991, 1994, 1997, 1998 The Nation magazine/The Nation Company, Inc. All reproduced by permission. —The New Republic, v. 217, November 24, 1997. © 1997 The New Republic, Inc. Reproduced by permission of The New Republic.—The New York Times, April 3, 1998; June 26, 1998; February 10, 1999; April 4, 1999; April 7, 1999; May 2, 1999; May 10, 1999. Copyright © 1998, 1999 by The New York Times Company. All reproduced by permission. —Society, v. 14, September-October, 1977. Reproduced by permission. —Utah Historical Quarterly, v. 43, Winter, 1975. © Copyright 1975 Utah State Historical Society. Reproduced by permission. — Vital Speeches of the Day, v. XI, August 1, 1945. Reproduced by permission. —Zia, Helen. From a speech delivered on January 29, 1994 at the 6th Annual Gay Asian Pacific Alliance in San Francisco. Copyright © 1994 by Helen Zia. Reproduced by permission.

Copyrighted excerpts in the Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America: Primary Documents, were reproduced from the following books:

Adamic, Louis. From Laughing in the Jungle. Harper & Brothers, 1932. Copyright 1932 by Louis Adamic. Renewed 1959 by Stella Adamic. Reproduced by permission of Harper-Collins Publishers. —Alvarez, Jaime. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. — Ayobami, Tunde. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Bode, Janet. From New Kids on the Block: Oral Histories of Immigrant Teens. Franklin Watts, 1989. Copyright © 1989 by Janet Bode. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Bray, Bill. From First Person, First Peoples. Edited by Andrew Garrod and Colleen Larimore. Cornell University Press, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by Cornell University. Reproduced by permission of Cornell University Press. —Burns, Allan E From Maya in Exile: Guatemalans in Florida. Temple University Press, 1993. Copyright © 1993 by Temple University Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Chawla, Sudershan S. From Asian American Experience in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Criddle, Joan D. From Bamboo & Butterflies: From Refugee to Citizen. East/West Bridge Publishing House, 1992. Copyright © 1992 by Joan D. Criddle. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —El Saadawi, Nawal. From Memoirs from the Women's Prison. Translated by Marilyn Booth. University of California Press, 1994. Copyright © Nawal El Saadawi 1983. Translation © Marilyn Booth 1986. Afterward for the American edition © 1994 by The Regents of the University of California. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author. —Espada, Martin. From Trumpets from the Island of Their Eviction. Bilingual Press/Editorial Bilingue, 1987, 1994. Copyright © 1987, 1994 by Martin Espada. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Flores, Rita. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —From "Birth Chant for Kau-I-ke-ao-uli" in The Echo of Our Song: Chants & Poems of the Hawaiians. Edited and translated by Mary Kawena Pukui and Alfons L. Korn. University Press of Hawaii, 1973. Copyright © 1973 by The University Press of Hawaii. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —From "The Pearl" in The Echo of Our Song: Chants & Poems of the Hawaiians. Edited and translated by Mary Kawena Pukui and Alfons L. Korn. University Press of Hawaii, 1973. Copyright © 1973 by The University Press of Hawaii. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Hadley, Su-Chu. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Haney, Michael. From a speech delivered on March 30, 1991 on the International Indian Treaty Council before the United Nations Subcommission on the Prevention of Discrimination Against Minorities, at the American Indian Community House in New York, NY. Reproduced by permission of the author. —Hassan, Ibrahim. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Hernandez, Antonia. From a speech delivered on October 5, 1994, on "Are We Compassion Fatigued?" at the Temple Isaiah in Los Angeles, CA. Reproduced by permission of the author. —Johanson, Gunnar. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Jordan, Barbara. From "A New Beginning: A New Dedication." Reproduced by permission of the Estate of Barbara C. Jordan. —Kanosky, Stella. Excerpt from "Case Study in Family Relationships." August, 1941. Reproduced by permission of Stella McDermott. —Karenga, Maulana. In an introduction to "The Million Man March/Day of Absence Mission Statement," Reproduced by permission. —Kiet, Kim Huot. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Kochiyama, Yuri. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Laxalt, Robert. From Sweet Promised Land, Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1957. Copyright 1957, renewed 1985 by Robert Laxalt. Reproduced by permission of HarperCollins Publishers. —Lee, Li-Young. From The City in Which I Love You, BOA Editions, Ltd., 1990. Copyright © 1990 by Li-Young Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Liadis, Nikos. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Livo, Norma J., and Dia Cha. From Folk Stories of the Hmong: Peoples of Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. Libraries Unlimited, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 Libraries Unlimited, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Lor, Ge. From "Learning American Farming" in Voices from Southeast Asia, by John Tenhula. Holmes & Meier, 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc. Reproduced by permission. —Mankiller, Wilma P. From "Inaugural Address," in Native American Reader: Stories, Speeches and Poems. Edited by Jerry D. Blanche. The Denali Press, 1990. Copyright © 1990 by Jerry D. Blanche. Reproduced by permission of the publisher. —Means, Russell. From "The State of Native America" in Native American Reader: Stories, Speeches and Poems. Edited by Jerry D. Blanche. The Denali Press, 1990. Copyright © 1990 by Jerry D. Blanche. Reproduced by permission of the publisher. —Mohammed, Karim and Aziza Mohammed. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Namias, June. From First (Generation: In The Words of Twentieth-Century American Immigrants. Revised edition. University of Illinois Press, 1992. © 1992 by June Namias. Reproduced by permission. —Natividad, Irene. From a keynote address delivered on March 7, 1991, at the symposium of the National Museum of American History Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC in Proceedings of Specializing in the Impossible: Women and Social Reform in America, 1890-1990 Conference. Reprinted by permission of the author. —Ngan, Lang. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Phong, Hoang Khoi. From "Twilight" in Thu Khong Nguoi Nhan. Translated by Thai Tuyet Quan, Truong Hong Son, and Wayne Karlin. Thoi Van (California), 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Hoang Khoi Phong. Translation © 1995 by Thai Tuyet Quan, Truong Hong Son, and Wayne Karlin. Translated and reproduced by permission of the author. —Qoyawayma, Polingaysi. From No Turning Back. University of New Mexico Press, 1964. © The University of New Mexico Press, 1964. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Ramirez, Marta. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Rasmussen, Knud. From "The Story of Nuliajuk, Mother of the Sea, Ruler of All Beasts, The Most Dangerous and Terrible of All Spirits, to Whom Nothing Is Impossible" in Eskimo Songs and Stories. Translated by Edward Field. Delacorte Press, 1973. Copyright © 1973 by Dell Publishing Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Edward Field. —Reina, Ernesto. From "Seven Days: Diary of a Rafter," in The Documentary Archives: Multicultural America. Translated by Beth Wellington. Primary Source Media, 1997. Copyright Primary Source Media 1997. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Ryu, Charles. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Sakya, Labring. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Santoli, Al with M. Daud Nassery. From New Americans, An Oral History: Immigrants and Refugees in the U.S. Today, by Al Santoli. Viking Penguin, 1988. Copyright © Al Santoli, 1988. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Penguin Putnam Inc. —Santoli, Al with Paulette Francius. From New Americans, An Oral History: Immigrants and Refugees in the U.S. Today, by Al Santoli. Viking Penguin, 1988. Copyright © Al Santoli, 1988. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Penguin Putnam Inc. —Santoli, Al with Tesfai Gebremariam and Lem Lem Gebremariam. From New Americans, An Oral History: Immigrants and Refugees in the U.S. Today, by Al Santoli. Viking Penguin, 1988. Copyright © Al Santoli, 1988. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Penguin Putnam Inc. —Siu, Paul C. P. From The Chinese Laundryman: A Study of Social Isolation. Edited by John Kuo Wei Tchen. New York University Press, 1987. Copyright © 1987 by Paul C. Siu All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Smith, Faith. From "I See an Incredible Force within Native People" in Messengers of the Wind: Native American Women Tell Their Life Stories. Edited by Jane Katz. Ballantine Books, 1995. Copyright © 1995 by Jane Katz. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Random House, Inc. —Song, Cathy. From Picture Bride. Yale University Press, 1983. Copyright © 1983 by Cathy Song. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Stennett, Rennie. From American Mosaic: The Immigrant Experience in the Words of Those Who Lived It, by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. E. P. Dutton, 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Joan Morrison and Charlotte Fox Zabusky. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Joan Morrison and Charlotte Zabusky. —Sue, Sam. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Suettinger, Sue Jean Lee. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Tracy, Deescheeny Nez. From "Deescheeny Nez Tracy" in Stories of Traditional Navajo Life and Culture. Edited by Broderick H. Johnson, translated by Casey Allison & others. Navajo Community College Press, 1977. Copyright © 1977 by Navajo Community College Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. —Valdez, Luis. From Zoot Suit and Other Plays. Copyright © 1992 by Luis Valdez. Arte Público Press—University of Houston. Reproduced by permission. — Whitehorse, Emmi. From "In My Family, The Women Ran Everything" in Messengers of the Wind: Native American Women Tell Their Life Stories. Edited by Jane Katz. Ballantine Books, 1995. Copyright © 1995 by Jane Katz. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Random House, Inc. —Whiteman, Roberta Hill. From "Let Us Survive" in Messengers of the Wind: Native American Women Tell Their Life Stories. Edited by Jane Katz. Ballantine Books, 1995. Copyright © 1995 by Jane Katz. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Random House, Inc. —Whiteman, Roberta Hill. From Star Quilt. Holy Cow Press, 1984. © 1984. Reproduced by permission. —Yamileth. From Undocumented in L.A.: An Immigrant's Story. Scholarly Resources Inc., 1997. © 1997 by Scholarly Resources Inc. Reproduced by permission. —Yau, Wong Chun. From Asian American Experiences in the United States, by Joann Faung Jean Lee. McFarland & Company, Inc., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Joann Faung Jean Lee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.

Photographs appearing in the Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America: Primary Documents were received from the following sources:

Albanian family waiting to board bus at McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey, May 5, 1999, photograph by Charles Rex Arbogast. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. — Albanian refugee sitting on prayer rug, refugee village, Fort Dix, New Jersey, May 14, 1999, photograph by Charles Rex Arbogast. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Amish boys photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Amish man in horse and buggy crossing traffic, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, July, 1998, photograph by Rusty Kennedy. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —"Arapaho Ghost Dance," c. 1900, painting by Mary Irvin Wright based on photographs by James Mooney. National Archives and Records Administration. — Armenian immigrants on Ellis Island, photograph. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Barnes, Robert, II, hugs son at Million Man March, Washington, D.C., 1995, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Bates, Daisy, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Batik created in Djojakarta, Java, Indonesia, photograph by Charles Lenars. Corbis/Charles & Jossette Lenars. Reproduced by permission. —Cherokee Indian scholar Sequoyah, holding his syllabary, lithograph. The Library of Congress. —Cherokee Syllabary, illustration. From Beginning Cherokee, by Ruth Bradley Holmes and Betty Sharp Smith. Second Edition. University of Oklahoma Press, 1977. Reproduced by permission. —Chief Joseph (Himaton-yalatkit), 1877, photograph. National Archives. —Chinese launderer, woodcut, photograph. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Chisholm, Shirley, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Corner grocery store Japanese American owners interned ("I Am An American"), photograph. National Archives and Records Administration. —Cuban exiles using mirrors to signal shoreline, Florida Straits, July 18, 1998, photograph by Joe Cavaretta. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Cuban refugees aboard freighter "Red Diamond," Straits of Florida, June 2, 1980, photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Cuban refugees, June 4, 1980, photograph. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Cuban-American children carrying crosses in Patriotic Reaffirmation. March, December 6, 1997, photograph by Joe Cavaretta. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Customers waiting in line for zeppole on St. Joseph's Day, Scialo Bros. Bakery, March 19, 1999, photograph by Paul Connors. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Dim Sum Dumplings served at Ocean Star Restaurant, Los Angeles, California, photograph by Nik Wheeler. Corbis/Nik Wheeler. Reproduced by permission. —Echford, Elizabeth, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Espada, Martin, photograph by Terry Pitzner. Reproduced by permission of Martin Espada. — Field hands picking Ginseng, photograph by Richard Hamilton Smith. Corbis/Richard Hamilton Smith. Reproduced by permission. —Filipino laborers, Hawaii, 1920's, photograph by George Bacon. Hawaii State Archives. Reproduced by permission of Mrs. George Bacon. —Filipino migrant workers, 1939, photograph by Dorothea Lange. Corbis. Reproduced by permission. —Four Korean Americans, photograph. Reproduced by permission of Jamie Lew. —Funeral for Jorge Mas Canosa, November 25, 1997, Miami, Florida, photograph by Joe Cavaretta. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Garcia, David, adding cream topping to zeppole on St. Joseph's Day, Scialo Bros. Bakery, Providence, Rhode Island, March 19, 1999, photograph by Paul Connors. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Gelmu Sherpa rubbing "singing bowl," May 20, 1998, photograph by Suzanne Plunkett. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Geronimo, 1887, photograph by Ben Wittick. The Library of Congress. —Greek women (five women standing on ship deck), photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Group of Chinese American women doing morning Tai Chi exercises, Washington Square, San Francisco, photograph by Alison Wright. Alison Wright Photography. Reproduced by permission. —Group representing traditional Greek soldiers march in Boston, March 28, 1999, photograph by Patricia McDonnell. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Guatemalan Indian woman weaving, photograph by Nik Wheeler. Corbis/Nik Wheeler. Reproduced by permission. —Hayakawa, S.I., photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Hernandez, Antonia, photograph by George Rodriguez. Reproduced by permission of Antonia Hernandez. —Him Mark Lai, reading poetry on Angel Island wall, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —I'ini, Lei Ku'u, performing Hawaiian dance, May 24, 1996, photograph by Lennox McLendon. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Inouye, Daniel, photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Italian family celebrating Ferragosto, 1947, photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Italian family gathering, 1936, photograph. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Japanese American girl standing, holding U. S. flag, Japanese internment camp, photograph. The Library of Congress. —Japanese American relocation (mother and child) during WWII, photograph. Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission. —Japanese mother and daughter, near Guadeloupe, California, March, 1937, photograph. Corbis. Reproduced by permission. —Jewish Americans celebrating Seder, March 22, 1989, photograph by Roger Ressmeyer. Corbis/Roger Ressmeyer. Reproduced by permission. —Jordan, Barbara, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Kanosky Family, August, 1941. Reproduced by permission of Stella McDermott. —Korean bride in red silk with large bouquet, photograph by Leslye Borden. Leslye Borden/PhotoEdit. Reproduced by permission. —Letter written by members of the Blackfoot tribe to the Honorable Franklin K. Lane, February 23, 1915. The Library of Congress. —Lord, Bette Bao, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Man and woman with kolaches at Kolache Festival, photograph. Kolache Festival. —Mankiller, Wilma 1985, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Mardi Gras float from Krewe of Troth, February, 1994, photograph by Drew Story. Reuters/Drew Story/Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission. —Marti, Jose, photograph. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Mas Canosa, Jorge, photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Matachine Dancers, Christmas Eve, 1996, photograph by Tom Bean. Corbis/Tom Bean. Reproduced by permission. —Means, Russell, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Million Man March, photograph by Greg Newton. Reuters/Greg Newton/Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission. —Mormon family in front of log cabin, 1875, photograph. Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —"My Country 'Tis of Thee," cartoon, Life, 1918. —Natividad, Irene, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Nicoloso family at dinner, November 23, 1948, Rome, Italy, photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —"No Haitians Need Apply," 1994, political cartoon by Neil R. King. Reproduced by permission of Neil R. King. —Omaq-kat-tsa, Chief of Blackfoot tribe photograph. The Library of Congress. —Paths of Early Europeans, map. National Park Service, Department of the Interior. — Personnel record of Japanese American, featured in exhibit on Ellis Island, April 2, 1998, photograph by Bebeto Matthews. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Plantation workers, 1930, photograph. —Proprietor of Greek coffee shop, Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, 1938, photograph by Arthur Rothstein. The Library of Congress. —Protestors, marching to the El Conquistador Hotel July 14, 1996, Fajardo, Puerto Rico, photograph by John McConnico. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Roshetsky, Oksana, photograph. UPI/Corbis-Bettmann. Reproduced by permission. —Sadawi, Nawal, October 3, 1993, photograph by Robert Maass. Corbis/Robert Maass. Reproduced by permission. — Seguin, Juan Nepomuceno (in 19th century officer's uniform), painting. U.S. Department of Defense. —Spitzer, Jeff and Carol, holding trays of Kuchen, Eureka Bakery, Eureka, South Dakota, March 15, 1999, photograph by Jill Kokesh. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Supporters (Governor Pedro Rossello addresses the crowd in Guanica, Puerto Rico) photograph by Lynne Sladky. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —"The Good for Nothing in Miss Columbia's School," political cartoon by Thomas Nast. Harper's Weekly, 1871. —"The Water Carriers," 1874, photograph by John K. Hillers. Copyright © 1995-1999 Denver Public Library. Reproduced by permission. —Valdez, Luis, poster of "Zoot Suit" in the background, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Warum, Jodi, directing preparations of Purim baskets with students, Ramaz Hebrew Day School, March 1, 1999, photograph by Tina Fineberg. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Williams, Janine Caubit, wearing French resistance armband, May 10, 1999, photograph by Berry Craig. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Winnemucca, Sarah, photograph. Nevada Historical Society. Reproduced by permission. —Women on Mulberry Street, Italian Market, New York, circa 1910, photograph. Gift of State Historical Society of Colorado, 1949. The Library of Congress. —Wovoka, or Jack Wilson, photograph. Nevada Historical Society. Reproduced by permission. —Yellow Bird (lying dead on Wounded Knee battlefield), 1891, photograph by George Trager. The Library of Congress. —Zia, Helen, photograph. Reproduced by permission.