Literary Criticism (1400-1800)

Villiers, George Second Duke of Buckingham | Copyright Page

ISSN 0740-2880

Volume 107

Thomas J. Schoenberg

Project Editor

Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800, Vol. 107
Project Editor

Thomas J. Schoenberg

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 94-29718

ISBN 0-7876-8724-3
ISSN 0740-2880

Printed in the United States of America 10987654321

Preface

L
iterature Criticism from 1400 to 1800 (LC) presents critical discussion of world literature from the fifteenth through the eighteenth centuries. The literature of this period is especially vital: the years 1400 to 1800 saw the rise of modern European drama, the birth of the novel and personal essay forms, the emergence of newspapers and periodicals, and major achievements in poetry and philosophy. LC provides valuable insight into the art, life, thought, and cultural transformations that took place during these centuries.

Scope of the Series

LC provides an introduction to the great poets, dramatists, novelists, essayists, and philosophers of the fifteenth through eighteenth centuries, and to the most significant interpretations of these authors’ works. Because criticism of this literature spans nearly six hundred years, an overwhelming amount of scholarship confronts the student. LC organizes this material concisely and logically. Every attempt is made to reprint the most noteworthy, relevant, and educationally valuable essays available.

A separate Thomson Gale reference series, Shakespearean Criticism, is devoted exclusively to Shakespearean studies. Although properly belonging to the period covered in LC, William Shakespeare has inspired such a tremendous and evergrowing body of secondary material that a separate series was deemed essential.

Each entry in LC presents a representative selection of critical response to an author, a literary topic, or to a single important work of literature. Early commentary is offered to indicate initial responses, later selections document changes in literary reputations, and retrospective analyses provide the reader with modern views. The size of each author entry is a relative reflection of the scope of the criticism available in English. Every attempt has been made to identify and include the seminal essays on each author’s work and to include recent commentary providing modern perspectives.

Volumes 1 through 12 of the series feature author entries arranged alphabetically by author. Volumes 13-47 of the series feature a thematic arrangement. Each volume includes an entry devoted to the general study of a specific literary or philosophical movement, writings surrounding important political and historical events, the philosophy and art associated with eras of cultural transformation, or the literature of specific social or ethnic groups. Each of these volumes also includes several author entries devoted to major representatives of the featured period, genre, or national literature. With volume 48, the series returns to a standard author approach, with some entries devoted to a single important work of world literature and others devoted to literary topics.

Organization of the Book

An LC entry consists of the following elements:

  • © The Author Heading cites the name under which the author most commonly wrote, followed by birth and death dates. Also located here are any name variations under which an author wrote, including transliterated forms for authors whose native languages use nonroman alphabets. If the author wrote consistently under a pseudonym, the pseudonym will be listed in the author heading and the author’s actual name given in parenthesis on the first line of the biographical and critical information. Uncertain birth or death dates are indicated by question marks. Topic entries are preceded by a Thematic Heading, which simply states the subject of the entry. Single-work entries are preceded by the title of the work and its date of publication.
  • © The Introduction contains background information that introduces the reader to the author, work, or topic that is the subject of the entry.

    • vii

    Grean. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Klein, Lawrence E. From Shaftesbury and the Culture of Politeness: Moral Discourse and Cultural Politics in Early Eighteenth-Century England. Cambridge University Press, 1994. Copyright © 1994 by Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved. Reprinted with the permission of Cambridge University Press.—Lewis, Peter. From “‘;The Rehearsal’: A Study of Its Satirical Methods,” in Die Englische Satire. Edited by Wolfgang Weiss. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1982. Copyright © 1982 by Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt. Reproduced by permission.—Markel, Michael H. From “Perception and Expression in Marvell’s Cavalier Poetry,” in Classic and Cavalier: Essays on Jonson and the Sons of Ben. Edited by Claude J. Summers and Ted-Larry Pebworth. University of Pittsburgh Press, 1982. Copyright © 1982 by the University of Pittsburgh Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Markley, Robert. From “Style as Philosophical Structure: The Contexts of Shaftesbury’s Characteristicks,” in The Philosopher as Writer: The Eighteenth Century. Edited by Robert Ginsberg. Susquehanna University Press, 1987. Copyright © 1987 by Associated University Presses, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Moseley, James. From John Winthrop’s World: History as a Story; The Story as History. University of Wisconsin Press, 1992. Copyright © 1992 by The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—O’Neill, John H. From “Buckingham’s Minor Dramatic Works,” in George Villiers, Second Duke of Buckingham. Twayne, 1984. Copyright © 1984 by G. K. Hall & Company. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of The Gale Group.—Sadler, Lynn. From Thomas Carew. Twayne Publishers, 1979. Copyright © 1979 by G. K. Hall & Co. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of The Gale Group.—Schweninger, Lee, From “Cheerful Submission to Authority: Miscellaneous and Later Writings,” “In Response to the Antinomian Controversy,” and “The Journal: A New Literature for a New World,” in John Winthrop. Edited by Barbara Sutton. Twayne Publishers, 1990. Copyright 1990 by

    G. K. Hall & Co. Reproduced by permission of The Gale Group.—Smith, Dane Farmsworth. From The Critics in the Audience of the London Theatres from Buckingham to Sheridan. The University of New Mexico, 1953. Copyright © 1953 by the University of New Mexico Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Sprague, Arthur Colby. From Beaumont and Fletcher on the Restoration Stage. Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press, 1926. Copyright © 1926 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. Renewed 1953 by Arthur Colby Sprague. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.—Voitle, Robert. From The Third Earl of Shaftesbury, 1617-1713. Louisiana State University Press, 1984. Copyright © 1984 by Louisiana State University Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Weidhorn, Manfred. From Richard Lovelace. Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1970. Copyright © 1970 by Twayne Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of The Gale Group.—Willson, Robert F. Jr. From ‘Their Form Confounded’: Studies in the Burlesque Play from Udall to Sheridan. Mouton, 1975. Copyright © 1975 by Mouton & Co. Reproduced by permission of Mouton de Gruyter, a division of Walter de Gruyter & Co.

    PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS APPEARING IN LC, VOLUME 107, WERE RECEIVED FROM THE FOLLOWING SOURCES:

    Ashley-Cooper, Anthony, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, lithograph. Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Suckling, Sir John, engraving. The Library of Congress.—Villiers, George, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, engraving. Archive Photos, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Winthrop, John, portrait. Copyright © Bettmann/Corbis.

    Thomson Gale Literature Product Advisory Board

    The members of the Thomson Gale Literary Criticism Series Advisory Board—reference librarians and subject specialists from public, academic, and school library systems—represent a cross-section of our customer base and offer a variety of informed perspectives on both the presentation and content of our literature criticism products. Advisory board members assess and define such quality issues as the relevance, currency, and usefulness of the author coverage, critical content, and literary topics included in our series; evaluate the layout, presentation, and general quality of our printed volumes; provide feedback on the criteria used for selecting authors and topics covered in our series; provide suggestions for potential enhancements to our series; identify any gaps in our coverage of authors or literary topics, recommending authors or topics for inclusion; analyze the appropriateness of our content and presentation for various user audiences, such as high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, librarians, and educators; and offer feedback on any proposed changes/ enhancements to our series. We wish to thank the following advisors for their advice throughout the year.

    Barbara M. Bibel

    Librarian Oakland Public Library Oakland, California

    Dr. Toby Burrows

    Principal Librarian The Scholars’ Centre University of Western Australia Library Nedlands, Western Australia

    Celia C. Daniel

    Associate Librarian, Reference Howard University Washington, D.C.

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    Reference Librarian Joyner Library East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina

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    Arts & Humanities Librarian University of Alabama, Sterne Library Birmingham, Alabama

    Susan Mikula

    Director Indiana Free Library Indiana, Pennsylvania

    Thomas Nixon

    Humanities Reference Librarian University of North Carolina, Davis Library Chapel Hill, North Carolina

    Mark Schumacher

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    Assistant Director Sno-Isle Regional Library System Marysville, Washington

    Donald Welsh

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