Literary Criticism (1400-1800)

Literary Criticism

Lee, Nathaniel | Copyright Page

ISSN 0740-2880

Volume 103

Thomas J. Schoenberg and Lawrence J. Trudeau

Project Editors

Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800, Vol. 103

Project Editor

Thomas J. Schoenberg

Editorial

Jessica Bomarito, Jenny Cromie, Kathy D. Darrow, Jeffrey W. Hunter, Jelena O. Krstovic´, Michelle Lee, Ellen McGeagh, Linda Pavlovski, Joseph Palmisano, Lawrence J. Trudeau, Russel Whitaker

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 94-29718

ISBN 0-7876-6969-5
ISSN 0740-2880

Printed in the United States of America 10987654321

Preface

L iterature Criticism from 1400 to 1800 (LC) presents critical discussion of world literature from the ﬁfteenth through the eighteenth centuries. The literature of this period is especially vital: the years 1400 to 1800 saw the rise of modern European drama, the birth of the novel and personal essay forms, the emergence of newspapers and periodicals, and major achievements in poetry and philosophy. LC provides valuable insight into the art, life, thought, and cultural transformations that took place during these centuries.

Scope of the Series

LC provides an introduction to the great poets, dramatists, novelists, essayists, and philosophers of the ﬁfteenth through eighteenth centuries, and to the most signiﬁcant interpretations of these authors’ works. Because criticism of this literature spans nearly six hundred years, an overwhelming amount of scholarship confronts the student. LC organizes this material concisely and logically. Every attempt is made to reprint the most noteworthy, relevant, and educationally valuable essays available.

A separate Thomson Gale reference series, Shakespearean Criticism, is devoted exclusively to Shakespearean studies. Although properly belonging to the period covered in LC, William Shakespeare has inspired such a tremendous and evergrowing body of secondary material that a separate series was deemed essential.

Each entry in LC presents a representative selection of critical response to an author, a literary topic, or to a single important work of literature. Early commentary is offered to indicate initial responses, later selections document changes in literary reputations, and retrospective analyses provide the reader with modern views. The size of each author entry is a relative reﬂection of the scope of the criticism available in English. Every attempt has been made to identify and include the seminal essays on each author’s work and to include recent commentary providing modern perspectives.

Volumes 1 through 12 of the series feature author entries arranged alphabetically by author. Volumes 13-47 of the series feature a thematic arrangement. Each volume includes an entry devoted to the general study of a speciﬁc literary or philosophical movement, writings surrounding important political and historical events, the philosophy and art associated with eras of cultural transformation, or the literature of speciﬁc social or ethnic groups. Each of these volumes also includes several author entries devoted to major representatives of the featured period, genre, or national literature. With volume 48, the series returns to a standard author approach, with some entries devoted to a single important work of world literature and others devoted to literary topics.

Organization of the Book

An LC entry consists of the following elements:

© The Author Heading cites the name under which the author most commonly wrote, followed by birth and death dates. Also located here are any name variations under which an author wrote, including transliterated forms for authors whose native languages use nonroman alphabets. If the author wrote consistently under a pseudonym, the pseudonym will be listed in the author heading and the author’s actual name given in parenthesis on the ﬁrst line of the biographical and critical information. Uncertain birth or death dates are indicated by question marks. Topic entries are preceded by a Thematic Heading, which simply states the subject of the entry. Single-work entries are preceded by the title of the work and its date of publication.

vii

Harold C. From “‘La Princesse de Cleves’ on the English Stage: A 1681 Adaptation by Nathaniel Lee,” in Ouverture et Dialogue: Melanges offerts a Wolfgang Leiner a l’occasion de son soixantieme anniversaire. Edited by Ulrich Doring, Antiopy Lyroudias, and Rianer Zaiser. Gunter Narr Verlag, 1988. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Lee, Nathaniel. From an introduction to Lucius Junius Brutus. Edited by John Loftus. University of Nebraska Press, 1967. Copyright © 1967 by the University of Nebraska Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission. Copyright © renewed 1995 by the University of Nebraska Press.—Lee, Nathaniel. From an introduction to The Rival Queens. Edited by

P. F. Vernon. University of Nebraska Press, 1970. Copyright © 1970 by the University of Nebraska Press. All rights reserved. Copyright © renewed 1998 by the University of Nebraska Press. Reproduced by permission. —Magnan, Robert. From “Eustache Deschamps and the Course of Life,” in Eustache Deschamps: French Courtier-Poet, His Work and His World. Edited by Deborah M. Sinnreich-Levi. AMS Press, Inc., 1998. Copyright © 1998 by AMS Press, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Sautman, Francesca Canade. From “Eustache Deschamps in the Forest of Folklore,” in Eustache Deschamps: French Courtier-Poet, His Work and His World. Edited by Deborah M. Sinnreich-Levi. AMS Press, Inc., 1998. Copyright © 1998 by AMS Press, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Sekine, Masaru. From Ze-ami and his Theories of Noh Drama. Colin Smythe, 1985. Copyright © 1985 by Masaru Sekine. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Sinnreich-Levi, Deborah M. From “The Female Voice of the Male Poet: Eustache Deschamps’ Voix Féminie´e,”in Voices in Translation: The Authority of “Olde Bookes” in Medieval Literature. Edited by Deborah M. Sinnreich-Levi and Gale Sigal. AMS Press, 1992. Copyright © 1992 by AMS Press, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Smeeton, Donald Dean. From “The Wycliffite Choice: Man’s Law or God’s,” in William Tyndale and the Law: Volume XXV of Sixteenth Century Essays & Studies. Edited by John A. R. Dick and Anne Richardson. Sixteenth Century Journal Publishers, 1994. Reproduced by permission of Truman State University Press.—Teele, Roy E. From “The Structure of the Japanese Noh Play,” in Chinese and Japanese Music-Dramas. Edited by J. I. Crump and William P. Mann. Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan, 1975. Copyright © 1975 by Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Williams, C. H. From William Tyndale. Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1969. Copyright © 1969 by C. H. Williams. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of author.

PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS APPEARING IN LC, VOLUME 103, WERE RECEIVED FROM THE FOLLOWING SOURCES:

Lee, Nathaniel, photograph. Archive Photos. Reproduced by permission. —Japanese Noh performer, Sensoji Temple, Tokyo, photograph. Corbis. Reproduced by permission.—Tyndale, William, engraving. The Library of Congress.

Thomson Gale Literature Product Advisory Board

The members of the Thomson Gale Literary Criticism Series Advisory Board—reference librarians and subject specialists from public, academic, and school library systems—represent a cross-section of our customer base and offer a variety of informed perspectives on both the presentation and content of our literature criticism products. Advisory board members assess and deﬁne such quality issues as the relevance, currency, and usefulness of the author coverage, critical content, and literary topics included in our series; evaluate the layout, presentation, and general quality of our printed volumes; provide feedback on the criteria used for selecting authors and topics covered in our series; provide suggestions for potential enhancements to our series; identify any gaps in our coverage of authors or literary topics, recommending authors or topics for inclusion; analyze the appropriateness of our content and presentation for various user audiences, such as high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, librarians, and educators; and offer feedback on any proposed changes/ enhancements to our series. We wish to thank the following advisors for their advice throughout the year.

Barbara M. Bibel

Librarian Oakland Public Library Oakland, California

Dr. Toby Burrows

Principal Librarian The Scholars’ Centre University of Western Australia Library Nedlands, Western Australia

Celia C. Daniel

Associate Librarian, Reference Howard University Washington, D.C.

David M. Durant

Reference Librarian Joyner Library East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina

Nancy Guidry

Librarian Bakersﬁeld Community College Bakersﬁeld, California

Steven R. Harris

English Literature Librarian University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee

Mary Jane Marden

Collection Development Librarian St. Petersburg College Pinellas Park, Florida

Heather Martin

Arts & Humanities Librarian University of Alabama, Sterne Library Birmingham, Alabama

Susan Mikula

Director Indiana Free Library Indiana, Pennsylvania

Thomas Nixon

Humanities Reference Librarian University of North Carolina, Davis Library Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Mark Schumacher

Jackson Library University of North Carolina Greensboro, North Carolina

Gwen Scott-Miller

Assistant Director Sno-Isle Regional Library System Marysville, Washington

Donald Welsh

Head, Reference Services College of William and Mary, Swem Library Williamsburg, Virginia