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Calendar of Literary Facts

1837

• The Panic of 1837 strikes America, brought on by speculation and inflated land value
• The first Kindergarten is opened by Friedrich Froebel in Germany
• The first Canadian railroad is built
• William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone patent the electric telegraph
• Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers a Phi Beta Kappa speech, “The American Scholar”
• Jacques Mandé Daguerre develops daguerrotype image technology, making possible the first photographs
• Rosalia de Castro is born
• William Dean Howells is born (March 1)
• Algernon Charles Swinburne is born (April 5)
• Charlotte L. Forten is born (August 17)
• Henri Becque is born (April 18)
• Alexander Pushkin dies (January 29)