Calendar of Literary Facts

1857

  • Gustave Flaubert publishes Madame Bovary
  • Elisha Graves Otis develops the first working elevator
  • The Sepoy Rebellion, an attempt by the Mogul emperor of India to regain power from the British, is put down
  • The Panic of 1857 leads to widespread unemployment and bank failures in the U.S.
  • Francis Underwood and James Russell Lowell found The Atlantic Monthly in Boston
  • Parliament adopts the Obscene Publications Act, which weighs British publications for obscene content and provides for these publications to be supressed
  • Charles Baudelaire publishes Les fleurs du mal (The Flowers of Evil)
  • The Sepoy Mutiny rages in India
  • Karl Adolph Gjellerup is born (June 2)
  • Joseph Conrad is born (December 3)
  • The Dred Scott decision is handed down by the U.S. Supreme Court, finding that blacks are not American citizens and denying the power of Congress to restrict the spread of slavery (March 6)
  • Gertrude Atherton is born (October 30)