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Calendar of Literary Facts

1861

• The Confederate States of America is founded in Montgomery, Alabama; former U.S. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis is elected president of the Southern Confederacy
• Charles Dickens publishes Great Expectations
• George Eliot publishes Silas Marner
• Alexander II frees Russia’s serfs
• The united Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed
• Joseph Seamon Cotter Sr. is born (February 2)
• Rabindranath Tagore is born (May 7)
• E. Pauline Johnson is born (March 10)
• The War between the States (commonly called the American Civil War), pitting the Northern union of states against the Southern Confederacy, begins (April 12)
• Bliss Carman is born (April 15)
• Eugene Scribe dies (February 20)
• Elizabeth Barrett Browning dies (June 29)