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Juneteenth | The Structure of Ralph Ellison’s Juneteenth

In the following essay excerpt, Butler examines the narrative structure of Juneteenth, positing that critics who find the novel too “loosely connected” misinterpret the way the structure is “inspired by musical techniques rather than conventional narrative plotting.”

A close reading of Juneteenth reveals that the novel is anything but the “Frankenstein monster” which [Louis] Menand described and much more than the loosely connected fragments which several other reviewers perceived. But the book’s principle of organization, like the structure of Invisible Man which early reviewers and critics were also unable to see, is not apparent on a first or second reading because it is inspired by musical techniques rather than conventional narrative plotting. The structural “patterns” of Juneteenth which are used to give shape and...

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