Joris-Karl Huysmans (Cyclopedia of World Authors)
Descended from a Dutch family of painters, French novelist Charles Marie Georges Huysmans (Dutch HOY-smahns or French wees-mahns) wrote under the pseudonym of Joris-Karl, or J.-K., Huysmans. After receiving a baccalauréat in 1866, he worked for thirty years in the Ministry of the Interior. This provided Huysmans with a small income that allowed him to devote his free time to literature. He was drafted into the National Guard in 1870 and served at the front during the Franco-Prussian War and then as a clerk. His first volume of stories showed the influence of Charles Baudelaire....
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