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What was the Great Awakening?

The Great Awakening was the most significant religious event in American history during the eighteenth century. It was sparked by George Whitefield (1714–1770), an English minister who had become famous for sermons in which he attacked the Anglican Church (also known as the Church of England). In his electrifying speeches he hurled charges at the clergy, accusing them of relying on outdated doctrines (established beliefs) and neglecting the spiritual welfare of their congregations (religious communities). Soon after being ordained (officially appointed a minister) he was barred from preaching in Anglican churches. He therefore held outdoor revival meetings (religious events based on spontaneous spiritual awakening) in England, Scotland, and Ireland, where he attracted huge crowds.

Whitefield was a marvelous performer: He acted out his speeches, used thunderstorms to punctuate his...

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