Gerald Vizenor (Magill’s Survey of American Literature, Revised Edition)

Biography

Gerald Robert Vizenor, son of Clement William and LaVerne Peterson Vizenor, is a crossblood member of the Chippewa tribe. Vizenor invented the term “crossblood” to refer to American Indians of mixed heritage, and he uses the term frequently in his writing.

Born in Minneapolis, the author had a difficult childhood. His father was murdered when Gerald was less than two years old and his step-father, Elmer Petesch, fell to his death in an elevator shaft one Christmas Eve as the boy, not yet ten, waited for him to come home to celebrate the holiday. His...

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