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Alliance for Progress: A program designed to block the spread of communism by improving the overall quality of life for Latin Americans. The Alliance attempted to reduce disease, increase literacy, and ease poverty throughout Latin America.

Allied Control Council: An organization of military governors from each of the four zones of Germany.

Allies: Alliances of countries in military opposition to another group of nations. In World War II, the Allied powers included Great Britain, the United States, and the Soviet Union.

Annihilation: Complete destruction.

Armistice: A temporary agreement to end fighting in a war; a cease-fire.

Arms race: A key aspect of superpower rivalry in which one superpower amasses weapons, particularly nuclear weapons, to keep up with another superpower or to gain an edge.

Asymmetrical response: The potentially...