Upanishads - Copyright Page

ISSN 0896-0011

Volume 69

Criticism of the Works of World Authors from Classical Antiquity through the Fourteenth Century, from the First Appraisals

to Current Evaluations

Jelena Krstovic´

Project Editor

Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism, Vol. 69
Project Editor

Jelena O. Krstovic´

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Jessica Bomarito, Kathy D. Darrow, Jeffrey W. Hunter, Michelle Lee, Ellen McGeagh, Joseph Palmisano, Linda Pavlovski, Thomas J. Schoenberg, Lawrence J. Trudeau

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ISBN 0-7876-6772-2
ISSN 0896-0011

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Preface

S
 ince its inception in 1988, Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism (CMLC) has been a valuable resource for students and librarians seeking critical commentary on the works and authors of antiquity through the fourteenth century. The great poets, prose writers, dramatists, and philosophers of this period form the basis of most humanities curricula, so that virtually every student will encounter many of these works during the course of a high school and college education. Reviewers have found CMLC “useful” and “extremely convenient,” noting that it “adds to our understanding of the rich legacy left by the ancient period and the Middle Ages,” and praising its “general excellence in the presentation of an inherently interesting subject.” No other single reference source has surveyed the critical reaction to classical and medieval literature as thoroughly as CMLC.

Scope of the Series

CMLC provides an introduction to classical and medieval authors, works, and topics that represent a variety of genres, time periods, and nationalities. By organizing and reprinting an enormous amount of critical commentary written on authors and works of this period in world history, CMLC helps students develop valuable insight into literary history, promotes a better understanding of the texts, and sparks ideas for papers and assignments.

Each entry in CMLC presents a comprehensive survey of an author’s career, an individual work of literature, or a literary topic, and provides the user with a multiplicity of interpretations and assessments. Such variety allows students to pursue their own interests; furthermore, it fosters an awareness that literature is dynamic and responsive to many different opinions. Early commentary is offered to indicate initial responses, later selections document changes in literary reputations, and retrospective analyses provide the reader with modern views. The size of each author entry is a relative reflection of the scope of the criticism available in English.

An author may appear more than once in the series if his or her writings have been the subject of a substantial amount of criticism; in these instances, specific works or groups of works by the author will be covered in separate entries. For example, Homer will be represented by three entries, one devoted to the Iliad, one to the Odyssey, and one to the Homeric Hymns.

CMLC continues the survey of criticism of world literature begun by Thomson Gale’s Contemporary Literary Criticism (CLC), Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism (TCLC), Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism (NCLC), Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800 (LC), and Shakespearean Criticism (SC).

Organization of the Book

A CMLC entry consists of the following elements:

  • © The Author Heading cites the name under which the author most commonly wrote, followed by birth and death dates. Also located here are any name variations under which an author wrote, including transliterated forms for authors whose native languages use nonroman alphabets. If the author wrote consistently under a pseudonym, the pseudonym will be listed in the author heading and the author’s actual name given in parenthesis on the first line of the biographical and critical information. Uncertain birth or death dates are indicated by question marks. Single-work entries are preceded by a heading that consists of the most common form of the title in English translation (if applicable) and the original date of composition.
  • © The Introduction contains background information that introduces the reader to the author, work, or topic that is the subject of the entry.

    • vii

    mann, Anthony Kenny, and Jan Pinborg. Cambridge University Press, 1982. Copyright © 1982 by Cambridge University Press. Reprinted with the permission of Cambridge University Press.—Mehta, Rohit. From The Call of the Upanishads. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1970. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Oldenberg, Hermann. From “Introduction,” in The Doctrine of the Upanisads and the Early Buddhism. Translated by Shridhar B. Shrotri. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. Used by permission.—Pandit, Moti Lal. From Philosophy of the Upanishads: A Christian Understanding. I.S.P.C.K., 1978. Copyright © 1978 by TRACI. Reproduced by permission.—Sarna, Nahum M. From “Introduction,” in The JPS Torah Commentary: Exodus. The Jewish Publication Society, 1991. Copyright © 1991 by The Jewish Publication Society. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author.—Sikka, Shalina. From W. B. Yeats and the Upanisads. Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 2002. Copyright © 2002 by Peter Lang Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Steel, Carlos. From “Siger of Brabant versus Thomas Aquinas on the Possibility of Knowing the Separate Substances,” in Nach der Verurteilung von 1277: Philosophie und Theologie an der Universität von Paris im letzten Viertel des 13. Jahrhunderts; Studien und Texte. Edited by Jan A. Aertsen, Kent Emery, Jr., and Andreas Speer. Walter de Gruyter, 2001. Copyright © 2000 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG. Reproduced by permission.

    PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS APPEARING IN CMLC, VOLUME 69, WERE RECEIVED FROM THE FOLLOWING SOURCES:

    Alcuin, illustration. Corbis-Bettmann.—Aristotle, engraving. The Library of Congress.—Shore Temple, 7th century, Mahabalipuram, India. The Art Archive / Dagli Orti.

    Gale Thomson Literature Product Advisory Board

    The members of the Thomson Gale Literature Product Advisory Board—reference librarians from public and academic library systems—represent a cross-section of our customer base and offer a variety of informed perspectives on both the presentation and content of our literature products. Advisory board members assess and define such quality issues as the relevance, currency, and usefulness of the author coverage, critical content, and literary topics included in our series; evaluate the layout, presentation, and general quality of our printed volumes; provide feedback on the criteria used for selecting authors and topics covered in our series; provide suggestions for potential enhancements to our series; identify any gaps in our coverage of authors or literary topics, recommending authors or topics for inclusion; analyze the appropriateness of our content and presentation for various user audiences, such as high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, librarians, and educators; and offer feedback on any proposed changes/enhancements to our series. We wish to thank the following advisors for their advice throughout the year.

    Barbara M. Bibel

    Librarian Oakland Public Library Oakland, California

    Dr. Toby Burrows

    Principal Librarian The Scholars’ Centre University of Western Australia Library Nedlands, Western Australia

    Celia C. Daniel

    Associate Reference Librarian Howard University Washington, D.C.

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    Reference Librarian Joyner Library East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina

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    Librarian Bakersfield Community College Bakersfield, California

    Steven R. Harris

    English Literature Librarian University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee

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    Literature and General Reference Librarian St. Petersburg Jr. College Pinellas Park, Florida

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