Biological Warfare
Biological Warfare | Not All Americans Need to Be Vaccinated Against Smallpox
Steven Black is codirector of the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center in Oakland, California. In the following viewpoint, he argues against mass vaccination of all Americans against smallpox. The theoretical risk that a terrorist group or nation might use the smallpox virus as a biological weapon must be weighed against the real health risks that a mass smallpox vaccination would entail, including hundreds of deaths and thousands of serious reactions and injuries. Smallpox vaccinations should only be used in cases where smallpox outbreaks are positively identified, he contends.
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- Introduction
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How Serious a Danger Do Biological Weapons Pose?
- Chapter 1 Preface
- Biological Agents Can Be Made Into Weapons Of Mass Destruction
- Biological Agents Should Not Be Considered We
- Biological Weapons Pose A Serious Danger To Americans
- Americans Should Not Be Overly Worried About Biological Weapons
- Anthrax Is A Serious Threat
- The Threat Of Anthrax Has Been Exaggerated
- Periodical Bibliography
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What Nations and Groups Constitute the Greatest Biological Warfare Threat?
- Chapter 2 Preface
- Foreign Terrorist Groups and Rogue Nations Are a Serious
- Domestic Terrorists Constitute a Potentially Serious Biological
- Russian Research Programs Are a Potential Wellspring of Biological Weapons Proliferation
- American Research Programs Are a Potential Wellspring of Biological Weapons Proliferation
- Periodical Bibliography
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What Measures Should the United States Take to Prepare for Biological Warfare?
- Chapter 3 Preface
- The United States Must Spend More on High-Tech Defenses Against Biological Warfare
- Spending More on High-Tech Defenses Will Not Protect Americans Against Biological Warfare
- Reforms of Public Health Laws Are Necessary to Combat Bioterrorism
- Proposed Law Reforms to Combat Bioterrorism Jeopardize Civil Liberties
- All Americans Should Be Vaccinated Against Smallpox
- Not All Americans Need to Be Vaccinated Against Smallpox
- A Voluntary Smallpox Vaccination Program Is Best
- Periodical Bibliography
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How Can Biological Warfare Be Prevented?
- Chapter 4 Preface
- The United States Should Accept the Biological Weapons Convention Protocol
- The United States Should Reject the Biological Weapons Convention Protocol
- Nuclear Deterrence Can Prevent Biological Warfare
- Nuclear Deterrence Should Not Be Used to Prevent Biological
- All Known Stocks of the Smallpox Virus Should Be Destroyed
- Known Stocks of the Smallpox Virus Should Be Retained for Research
- Periodical Bibliography
- For Further Discussion
- Organizations to Contact
- Bibliography
- Copyright
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