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    <title>Astronomy Group at eNotes</title>
    <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/group</link>
    <description>The latest discussion, including questions and answers, from the Astronomy Group at eNotes.</description>
    <lastBuildDate>Sat, 12 Dec 2009 09:19:48</lastBuildDate>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[The equation governing the satellite speed, derived from the Newton...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/satellite-has-twice-mass-satellite-b-rotates-same-123379</link>
        <description><![CDATA[The equation governing the satellite speed, derived from the Newton Kepler's Law is  given by:
v^2 =( GM/R)^(1/2) , where, G is the gravitational constant and M is the mass of the planet and R is the distance of the orbitting satellite  from the planet, irrespective of its mass.
Therefore, the  different satellites with different masses  but with same distance from the planet has the same velocity and period also. (This could also be...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/satellite-has-twice-mass-satellite-b-rotates-same-123379</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 12 Dec 2009 09:19:48 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[By Keplar's third law, the  plannets  are moving around the sun in an...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/let-average-orbital-radius-planet-r-let-orbital-123383</link>
        <description><![CDATA[By Keplar's third law, the  plannets  are moving around the sun in an elliptic orbit and the square of the period  of a full revolution around the sun is directly proportional to the cube of the distance of semi axis joining the planet and the sun.
Thus T^2 proportional to R^3 or
T^2/R^3 is a constant or R^3/T^2 is also a constant.
 
 ]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/let-average-orbital-radius-planet-r-let-orbital-123383</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 12 Dec 2009 08:42:17 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Let the average orbital radius of a planet be R. Let the orbital period...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/let-average-orbital-radius-planet-r-let-orbital-123383</link>
        <description><![CDATA[Let the average orbital radius of a planet be R. Let the orbital period be T. What quantity is constant for all planets orbiting the Sun?]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/let-average-orbital-radius-planet-r-let-orbital-123383</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 12 Dec 2009 08:27:14 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Satellite A has twice the mass of satellite B, and rotates in the same...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/satellite-has-twice-mass-satellite-b-rotates-same-123379</link>
        <description><![CDATA[Satellite A has twice the mass of satellite B, and rotates in the same orbit. Compare the two satellite's speeds]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/satellite-has-twice-mass-satellite-b-rotates-same-123379</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 12 Dec 2009 08:11:36 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[All the statements are wrong, and at best create confusion.
Each of the...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/when-considering-only-sun-earth-mercury-mars-121881</link>
        <description><![CDATA[All the statements are wrong, and at best create confusion.
Each of the planets mentioned revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit , with sun at one of the focii of their orbit. The Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are in the inseasing order of the distance from the Sun.
The motion of the planets are governed by Kepler's Laws  motion , which are derivable by Newtons universal gravitational law. The radius vector joining the planet and...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/when-considering-only-sun-earth-mercury-mars-121881</guid>
        <pubDate>Mon, 7 Dec 2009 07:33:47 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[a)
Let the altitude of the satellite be h and the radius of the earth be...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/given-g-6-67259-x-10-11-n-times-m-2-kg-2-satellite-121883</link>
        <description><![CDATA[a)
Let the altitude of the satellite be h and the radius of the earth be R, earths mass M .Then the by gravitational law we can find the relation between the altiude h of the satellite and its speed v by:
h = GM/v^2 - R.  Substuting the values,
=(6.67259*10^-11N m^2/kg^2)(5.977*10^24kg)/(2620 m/s)^2m  - 6.371*10^6m
=58099863.69 m - 6.371*10^6m
=51728863.69 m is the altitude of the satellite.
b)
Since the pat the earth is 2pi(R+h), where R+h...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/given-g-6-67259-x-10-11-n-times-m-2-kg-2-satellite-121883</guid>
        <pubDate>Mon, 7 Dec 2009 07:09:24 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[By Newton's law of gravitation, the force ,F of attraction between ...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/mars-has-mass-about-6-39-x-10-23-kg-its-moon-121887</link>
        <description><![CDATA[By Newton's law of gravitation, the force ,F of attraction between  mars of mass M and its  satellite Phobos of mass m is given by:
F = G Mm/d^2 ...........(1), where G is the universal gravitational constant and d is distance between Mars and its satellite Phobos.
We can arrive at the value of d from (1). Or rewriting (1) to get d, we get:
d =  sqrt{GM/Mm/F} = sqrt{(6.673 x 10^-11 N)(6.39 x 10^23 kg)*(9.8 x 10^15 kg.)/(4.94*10^15 N)}
=...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/mars-has-mass-about-6-39-x-10-23-kg-its-moon-121887</guid>
        <pubDate>Mon, 7 Dec 2009 05:57:01 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Mars has a mass of about 6.39 x 10^23 kg, and its moon Phobos has a mass...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/mars-has-mass-about-6-39-x-10-23-kg-its-moon-121887</link>
        <description><![CDATA[Mars has a mass of about 6.39 x 10^23 kg, and its moon Phobos has a mass of about 9.8 x 10^15 kg.]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/mars-has-mass-about-6-39-x-10-23-kg-its-moon-121887</guid>
        <pubDate>Mon, 7 Dec 2009 05:15:02 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Given: G=6.67259 x 10^-11 N times m^2/kg^2
A satellite moves in a...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/given-g-6-67259-x-10-11-n-times-m-2-kg-2-satellite-121883</link>
        <description><![CDATA[Given: G=6.67259 x 10^-11 N times m^2/kg^2
A satellite moves in a circular orbit around Earth at a speed of 2620 m/s.]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/given-g-6-67259-x-10-11-n-times-m-2-kg-2-satellite-121883</guid>
        <pubDate>Mon, 7 Dec 2009 04:43:12 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[When considering only the Sun,Earth,Mercury, and Mars in a planetary...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/when-considering-only-sun-earth-mercury-mars-121881</link>
        <description><![CDATA[When considering only the Sun,Earth,Mercury, and Mars in a planetary system, which statement is correct?]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/when-considering-only-sun-earth-mercury-mars-121881</guid>
        <pubDate>Mon, 7 Dec 2009 04:39:27 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[The moon phases occur on a rather regular cycle.  Because the months...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/why-this-december-2009-blue-moon-month-how-often-121335</link>
        <description><![CDATA[The moon phases occur on a rather regular cycle.  Because the months have varying number of days, the moon cycles do not follow strictly with the calendar months.  There can be two of any of the moon phases fall within the same month, usually the months with 31 days (simply because the month is longer). 
A blue moon occurs when there are two full moons within the same month. The second full moon is called a blue moon.
It has nothing to do...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/why-this-december-2009-blue-moon-month-how-often-121335</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 5 Dec 2009 06:54:03 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[The Dark Rift in the Milky Way galaxy is what runs down the middle of...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/whats-dark-rift-milky-way-what-does-have-do-with-121285</link>
        <description><![CDATA[The Dark Rift in the Milky Way galaxy is what runs down the middle of the Milky Way. Many clouds of star dust run the middle of the galaxy and block the light of the stars in that area. The cold dust runs from the galactic center in a northerly direction. In terms of what the Dark Rift has to do with 2012, the Mayan feel that this realm within the heavens mirrors the time of their creation here on Earth. The present creation cycle ends in...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/whats-dark-rift-milky-way-what-does-have-do-with-121285</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 5 Dec 2009 00:27:17 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[The most recent Blue Moon will take place on December 31, 2009. Some...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/why-this-december-2009-blue-moon-month-how-often-121335</link>
        <description><![CDATA[The most recent Blue Moon will take place on December 31, 2009. Some countries will experience a double Blue Moon. A Blue Moon is not set on a regular monthly pattern, though they usually occur in months with 31 days. The Blue Moon takes place because each calendar year has extra days. These extra days total 11 and so the additional days add up to where every two to three years there is an extra full/Blue moon. Though a Blue Mon is not...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/why-this-december-2009-blue-moon-month-how-often-121335</guid>
        <pubDate>Fri, 4 Dec 2009 23:32:58 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[Why is this December (2009) a Blue Moon month?  How often is there a...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/why-this-december-2009-blue-moon-month-how-often-121335</link>
        <description><![CDATA[Why is this December (2009) a Blue Moon month?  How often is there a Blue Moon Eclipse?]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/why-this-december-2009-blue-moon-month-how-often-121335</guid>
        <pubDate>Fri, 4 Dec 2009 19:49:04 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[What's the Dark Rift in the Milky Way?  What does it have to do with...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/whats-dark-rift-milky-way-what-does-have-do-with-121285</link>
        <description><![CDATA[What's the Dark Rift in the Milky Way?  What does it have to do with the world ending in 2012?]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/whats-dark-rift-milky-way-what-does-have-do-with-121285</guid>
        <pubDate>Fri, 4 Dec 2009 11:31:39 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[The current travels through any conductor at a speed which is same that...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/switch-light-next-each-other-connected-by-wire-119637</link>
        <description><![CDATA[The current travels through any conductor at a speed which is same that of speed of light light.This common speed of light and current is 299,792 km/s.
Therefore we can calculate the the time taken by current to travel any distance and light the lights as:
Time taken = (Distance travelled by current)/(Speed of Current)
The diameter of the earth is about 41000 kilometers. Therefor when the wire goes round the earth the current will have to...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/switch-light-next-each-other-connected-by-wire-119637</guid>
        <pubDate>Sun, 29 Nov 2009 00:43:18 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[A switch and light next to each other are connected by a wire going...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/switch-light-next-each-other-connected-by-wire-119637</link>
        <description><![CDATA[A switch and light next to each other are connected by a wire going around the Earth. How long until the light lights when the switch is pressed?
 ]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/switch-light-next-each-other-connected-by-wire-119637</guid>
        <pubDate>Sat, 28 Nov 2009 23:28:10 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[We can assume that the altitude of the satellite is x from earth and so...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/satellite-moves-circular-orbit-around-earth-speed-118633</link>
        <description><![CDATA[We can assume that the altitude of the satellite is x from earth and so it is earths radius R +x  meter distant from the centre of the earth.
The satellites speed is v . We also assume that the gravitational force F is given by:
F = GMm/(r+x)^2 and this is equal to the centrepetal force of the satellite, mv^2/(R+x), where G is the gravitational constant, M =mass of the earth and m is the mass of the satellite. Using the known values, we would...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/satellite-moves-circular-orbit-around-earth-speed-118633</guid>
        <pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 09:29:20 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[We use the the relation of law of universal gravitational law of Newton...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/during-solar-eclipse-moon-mass-7-36x10-22kg-earth-118641</link>
        <description><![CDATA[We use the the relation of law of universal gravitational law of Newton to find the force between the two bodies of mass M and m sepated by a distance R.
F= GMm/R^2, G is the gravitational constant, M and m are the masses of the bodies.
Between Earth and sun:
M= mass of sun =1.99x10^30 kg), m=mass of earth= 5.98x10^24kg) and R = 1.496 x 10^11 m, G=6.673 x 10^-11 N times m^2/ kg^2,
F = (6.673 x 10^-11 N times m^2/ kg^2,)(1.99x10^30...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/during-solar-eclipse-moon-mass-7-36x10-22kg-earth-118641</guid>
        <pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 09:09:49 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
        <title><![CDATA[The force exerted by the moon on the Earth is
2.98 x 10^31 joules.
The...]]></title>
        <link>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/during-solar-eclipse-moon-mass-7-36x10-22kg-earth-118641</link>
        <description><![CDATA[The force exerted by the moon on the Earth is
2.98 x 10^31 joules.
The gravitational force exerted by the Earth on the Sun is
3.58 x 10^23 joules
These figures are derived by using the following equation for gravitational force:
Fg = (Gm1m2)/r^2
where G is the universal gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance that separates their centers.
I should note that I am not using the number you provided...]]></description>
        <guid>http://www.enotes.com/astronomy/q-and-a/during-solar-eclipse-moon-mass-7-36x10-22kg-earth-118641</guid>
        <pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 07:28:53 PST</pubDate>
    </item>
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