The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology

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Dead Sea Scrolls

Dead Sea Scrolls [Do].
A series of more than 800 documents dating to the 1st and 2nd centuries bc and the 1st century ad which were found in 1947 in caves at Qumran near the Dead Sea in Israel. Written on parchment and papyrus, these documents were preserved because of the extreme aridity of the region. They are the religious writings of a Jewish sect known as the Essenes, and seem to have been hidden in the caves during the Roman subjugation of the Jewish Revolt in AD 68. The collection includes versions of all the Old Testament texts as well as sectarian works.[Sum.: R. Eisenman and M. Wise, 1992, The Dead Sea Scrolls uncovered. Shaftesbury: Element]

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