- Oakley, Kenneth Page
- oar
- oasis
- oasis theory
- oats
- OAU
- Oaxaca, Mexico
- Obanian Culture
- obelisk
- objectivity
- oblique aerial photograph
- obliquely blunted point
- obsidian
- obsidian dating
- Oc Eo, Vietnam
- oca
- occupation debris
- Ocean Bay Tradition
- OCH Group
- ochre
- ochre-coloured pottery
- oculists' stamp
- oculus
- OD
- odeum
- Odoacer
- off-site archaeology
- Offa the Great
- Offa's Dyke, England
- offset
