Legal Citation: 441 U.S. 68 (1979)

Appellants
Gordon M. Ambach, New York Commissioner of Education, and other state officials

Appellees
Susan Norwick, Tarja Dachinger

Appellants' Claim
Norwick and Dachinger should not receive permanent certification as public school teachers because they are not citizens and do not wish to become citizens.

Chief Lawyer for Appellants
Judith A. Gordon, Assistant Attorney General of New York

Chief Lawyer for Appellees
Bruce Ennis, Jr.

Justices for the Court
Warren E. Burger, Lewis F. Powell, Jr. (writing for the Court), William H. Rehnquist, Potter Stewart, Byron R. White

Justices Dissenting
Harry A. Blackmun, William J. Brennan, Jr., Thurgood Marshall, John Paul Stevens

Place
Washington, D.C.

Date of Decision
17 April 1979