Africa | Africa Should Embrace the Prescriptions of the World Bank and IMF
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank are both specialized agencies of the United Nations. Both institutions have been heavily involved in Africa. In the 1970s and 1980s they instituted “Structural Adjustment Programs” (SAPs) in which they lent money to African nations with attached conditions designed to promote exports and stimulate economic growth. These mandates included currency devaluations, government spending reductions, trade rule liberalization, and the promotion of private savings and investment. In the following viewpoint, Evangelos A. Calamitsis,...
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- Introduction
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Chapter 1: What Economic Development Strategies Are Best for Africa?
- Chapter 1 Preface
- Africa Should Integrate Within the Global Economy
- Africa Should Resist Foreign Economic Exploitation
- Africa Should Embrace the Prescriptions of the World Bank and IMF
- Africa Should Reject the Prescriptions of the World Bank and IMF
- Foreign Aid Promotes African Development
- Foreign Aid Hinders African Development
- Africa Needs Greater Debt Relief From Foreign Creditors
- Africa Has Sufficient Debt Relief
- Chapter 1 Periodical Bibliography
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Chapter 2: What Policies Can Best Foster Peace in Africa?
- Chapter 2 Preface
- The Organization of African Unity Can Reduce Conflict
- Abolishing Nation-States Can Reduce Conflict
- U.S. Military Assistance To African Armies Can Improve Peacekeeping
- U.S. Military Assistance to African Armies is Harmful
- War-Crimes Tribunals Might Prolong Violence in Rwanda
- War-Crimes Tribunals Must Punish Those Responsible for Genocide in Rwanda
- Chapter 2 Periodical Bibliography
- Chapter 3: What Is the State of Human Rights in Africa?
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Chapter 4: How Should Africa’s Wildlife Be Managed?
- Chapter 4 Preface
- Africa's Wilderness Must Be Preserved
- Africa's Wilderness Should Be Commercially Utilized To Benefit Local Communities
- Commercial Hunting of Wildlife Can be Beneficial
- Commercial Hunting of Wildlife is not Beneficial
- The Ban on Ivory Trade is Necessary to Protect Elephants
- The Ban on International Ivory Trade Has Harmful Consequences
- Chapter 4 Periodical Bibliography
- Chronology of Events
- For Further Discussion
- Organizations to Contact
- Bibliography
- Copyright
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